Osteoporosis is a condition, actually considered a bone disease, which makes bone more prone to fractures. The word itself basically translates to "porous bones".
In osteoporosis, bone mineral density (BMD) diminishes, followed by deterioration of internal structure of bone, and a change to bone proteins.
The World Health Organization (WHO) states that in osteoporosis, the bone mineral density is less than 2.5 as measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA}.
The disease of osteoporosis may be classified as primary type 1, primary type 2 or secondary.
- Primary 1, or postmenopausal osteoporosis, is more commonly noticed in postmenopausal women.
- Primary 2, or senile osteoporosis, comes to most after the age of 75 and is common in both males and females in the ration of 2:1.
- Secondary osteoporosis can affect both men and women at any age and in equal proportions.
Osteoporosis occurs due to prolonged use of glucocorticoids, and is sometimes also known as glucocoticoid-induced osteoporosis.
Lifestyle changes and certain medications can reduce the risk of this disease. Lifestyle changes to strengthen bones, or maintain bone density, include, diet, exercise, and, especially for seniors, fall-prevention.
There is no proven treatment for the prevention of osteoporosis, but osteoporosis can be delayed and the severity diminished. Early intervention and supplements can prevent devastating fractures.
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